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Resumo A cultura da cana-de-açúcar Saccharum spp. (Poales: Poaceae) produz diferentes derivados para o mundo: açúcar, etanol e bioenergia. Apesar da aplicação de pesticidas, os insetos-praga ainda causam prejuízos econômicos, dentre eles a cochonilha rosada da cana-de-açúcar Saccharicoccus sacchari (Cockerell, 1895) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) causando danos diretos e indiretos à planta. Este estudo avaliou a virulência de três espécies de nematoides entomopatogênicos (NEPs) e suas bactérias simbiontes contra a cochonilha rosada da cana-de-açúcar, em condições de laboratório. Quatorze tratamentos representados pelo controle (água destilada), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, 1976 (HB EN01) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae), Steinernema rarum (Doucet, 1986) (PAM25) e Steinernema carpocapsae Weiser, 1955 (All) (Rhabditida: Steinermatidae) nas concentrações de 25, 50, 75 e 100 juvenis infectantes (JIs)/inseto, e o produto químico padrão, tiametoxam, foram testados. Em um segundo experimento, a bactéria Photorhabdus luminescens (Thomas e Poinar, 1979), Xenorhabdus szentirmaii Lengyel, 2005 e Xenorhabdus nematophila (Poinar e Thomas, 1965) (Enterobacterales: Morganellaceae) em 3,0 x 109 células/ml foram avaliadas para cada tratamento. Dez repetições foram estabelecidas, cada uma contendo dez fêmeas/cochonilhas dentro de uma placa de Petri de 10 cm, totalizando 100 indivíduos/tratamento. Todos os tratamentos foram mantidos em condições estáveis (25±1 ºC, U 70±10%, no escuro). Todas as espécies de nematoides infectaram S. sacchari. Steinerma rarum (PAM25) proporcionou a maior mortalidade contra a cochonilha rosada da cana-de-açúcar (79,25%), seguida por H. bacteriophora (HB EN01) (58,25%) e S. carpocapsae (All) (42,50%) (P<0,001). As taxas de mortalidade causada por X. szentirmaii, P. luminescens e X. nematophila foram de 40, 45 e 20%, respectivamente. Steinerma rarum (PAM25) tem condições de ser um agente potencial a ser incorporado ao manejo integrado de pragas da cana-de-açúcar.

Abstract Sugarcane crops Saccharum spp. (Poales: Poaceae) produces different derivatives to the world: sugar, ethanol and bioenergy. Despite the application of pesticides, insect pests still cause economic losses, among these the pink sugarcane mealybug Saccharicoccus sacchari (Cockerell, 1895) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) causing direct and indirect damage to the plant. This study assess the virulence of three entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) species and their symbiont bacteria against the pink sugarcane mealybug, under laboratory conditions. Fourteen treatments represented by control (distilled water), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, 1976 (HB EN01) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae), Steinernema rarum (Doucet, 1986) (PAM25) and Steinernema carpocapsae Weiser, 1955 (All) (Rhabditida: Steinermatidae) at concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100 infective juveniles (IJs)/insect, and the standard chemical product, thiamethoxam, were assayed. In a second experiment, the bacteria Photorhabdus luminescens (Thomas and Poinar, 1979), Xenorhabdus szentirmaii Lengyel, 2005 and Xenorhabdus nematophila (Poinar and Thomas, 1965) (Enterobacterales: Morganellaceae) at 3.0 x 109 cells/ml were assessed for each treatment. Ten replications were stablished, each one counting ten females/mealybugs inside a 10 cm Petri dish, amounting 100 individuals/treatment. All treatments were kept under stable conditions (25±1 ºC, H 70±10%, in the dark). All nematodes species infected S. sacchari. Steinerma rarum (PAM25) provided the highest mortality against the pink sugarcane mealybug (79.25%), followed by H. bacteriophora (HB EN01) (58.25%) and S. carpocapsae (All) (42.50%) (P<0.001). The mortality rate caused by X. szentirmaii, P. luminescens and X. nematophila were 40, 45 and 20%, respectively. Steinerma rarum (PAM25) has conditions to be a potential agent to be incorporate into the integrated pest management in sugarcane.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.253780

Third National Registry of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs in Mexico (RENAPREC III-2022)
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Lara-Vargas, Jorge A.

; Ilarraza-Lomelí, Hermes

; García-Saldivia, Marianna

; Pineda-García, Alfredo D.

; Leyva-Valadez, Eduardo A.

; Justiniano-Cordero, Samuel

; Sahagún-Olmos, Roberto

; Zavala-Ramírez, Juana

; Cassaigne-Guasco, María E.

; Sánchez-Limón, Edgar-F

; Castañeda-López, Javier

; Cerón-Enríquez, Norma

; Ku-González, Andrés

; Arteaga-Martínez, Rodolfo

; Hinojosa-López, Tania

; Vergara-Guzmán, Jéssica

; Pérez-Vázquez, Daniel I.

; Gasca-Zamudio, Pedro D.

; Aranda-Ayala, Zulema L.

; Vacío-Reyes, Martha E.

; Reza-Orozco, Marco

; Alcocer-Gamboa, Miguel A.

; Hernández-González, Pedro A.

; Pérez-Reyes, Angélica A.

; Núñez-Urquiza, Juan P.

; Alonso-Sánchez, Jesús

; Franco-Valles, Sarahí

; Romo-Escamilla, Ricardo E.

; Nuriulú-Escobar, Patricia

; Serna-Santamaría, Iván

; Avilés-González, Jorge

; Salgado-Solorio, María C.

; Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Luz M.

; Mendoza-Díaz, Pedro M.

; Ávila-Estrada, Ángel

; Morales-Medina, Carlos

; Lara-Vázquez, Eduardo

; Rodríguez-Herrera, Paulina

; Galván-López, María

; Segoviano-Mendoza, Georgina

; De-la-Torre-Cruz, Fabiola

; Jiménez-Campos, Cecilia

; Ramírez-Meléndez, Alejandra

; Almaraz-Ríos, Alejandro

; González-Bonilla, Mezthly

; Rojano-Castillo, Jessica

; Rius-Suarez, María D.

Archivos de cardiología de México

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Dez 2023, Volume 93 Nº 4 Páginas 405 - 416

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

Abstract Introduction: In Mexico, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) as an interdisciplinary intervention with therapeutic impact in patients with heart disease is growing. There is the need to know actual conditions of CR in our country. Objectives: The objective of this National Registry is to follow-up those existing and new CR units in Mexico through the comparison between the two previous registries, RENAPREC-2009 and RENAPREC II-2015 studies. This is a descriptive study focused on diverse CR activities such as assistance training, and certification of health professionals, barriers, reference, population attended, interdisciplinarity, permanence over time, growth prospects, regulations, post-pandemic condition, integrative characteristics, and scientific research. Results: Data were collected from 45 CR centers in the 32 states, 75.5% are private practice units, 67% are new, 33% were part of RENAPREC II-2015, and 17 have continued since 2009. With a better distribution of CR units along the territory, the median reference of candidates for CR programs is 9% with a significant reduction into tiempo of enrollment to Phase II admission (19 ± 11 days). Regarding to previous registries, the coverance of Phases I, II, and III is 71%, 100%, and 93%, respectively; and a coverance increases in evaluation, risk stratification, and prescription, more comprehensive attendance and prevention strategies. Conclusions: CR in Mexico has grown in the past 7 years. Even there is still low reference and heterogeneity in specific processes, there are strengths such as interdisciplinarity, scientific professionalization of specialists, national diversification, and an official society that are consolidated over time.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.22000235

An assessment of mental health of Mexican and Colombian medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Pacheco-Tobón, D. Xipe

; Bautista-Soto, Edgar

; Arellano-Ramírez, Claudia

; Orozco-García, Daniela

; Ramos-Ruiz, Lucia

; Herbales-Martinez, Eliana

; Porchia, Leonardo M.

; Pérez-Fuentes, Ricardo

; Gonzalez-Mejia, M. Elba

Salud mental

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Abr 2023, Volume 46 Nº 2 Páginas 69 - 82

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción La pandemia de COVID-19 provocó el cese de las actividades académicas desde el formato presencial al confinamiento de las clases virtuales, de las que poco se ha estudiado sobre su efecto en la salud mental. Objetivo Determinar los niveles de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en estudiantes de medicina de México y Colombia durante la pandemia de COVID-19; además de comparar depresión, ansiedad y estrés por género, nivel educativo y país. Método Se realizó un estudio transversal con 426 estudiantes de medicina. Los datos se recopilaron mediante una encuesta en línea que contenía el cuestionario DASS-21. Resultados Las puntuaciones generales de depresión, ansiedad y estrés fueron 6.7 ± 1.2, 8.8 ± 1.2 y 5.6 ± 1.2, respectivamente. Las mujeres tuvieron puntajes generales significativamente más altos para depresión (.24-fold increase), ansiedad (.25-fold increase) y estrés (.40-fold increase). El riesgo de ansiedad y estrés por año escolar mostró que los años básicos se asociaron con puntajes más altos que los estudiantes en años los avanzados (.25 y .38-fold increase). Para las mujeres, cursar años básicos mostró un mayor riesgo de depresión en comparación con los estudiantes varones (.38-fold increase). Por último, los estudiantes mexicanos tuvieron un mayor riesgo de depresión y ansiedad (p ≤ .022 y p ≤ .004, respectivamente) pero no de estrés (p ≤ .402) en comparación con los estudiantes Colombianos. Discusión y conclusión Se observó ansiedad y depresión significativas en estudiantes de medicina mexicanos y colombianos. Los factores asociados a un mayor riesgo de depresión y ansiedad fueron; ser estudiante en años básicos además de ser mujer.

Abstract Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic caused the cessation of academic activities from the face-to-face format to confinement and virtual classes, in which little is studied about its effect on mental health. Objective Determine levels of depression, anxiety, and stress in medical students in Mexico and Colombia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, depression, anxiety, and stress were compared by gender, education status, and country. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out with 426 medical students. Data was collected using an online survey containing the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire. Results Overall scores for depression, anxiety, and stress were 6.7 ± 1.2, 8.8 ± 1.2, and 5.6 ± 1.2, respectively. Females had significantly higher overall scores for depression (.24-fold increase), anxiety (.25-fold increase), and stress (.40-fold increase) than males (p ≤ .01). The risk for anxiety and stress by school year showed that basic years were associated with higher scores than advanced years (.25 and .38-fold increase, respectively). For females, starting medical school did show an increased risk of depression when compared to male students in their basic years (.38-fold increase). Lastly, students from Mexico had an increased risk for depression and anxiety (p ≤ .022 and p ≤ .004, respectively) but not for stress (p ≤ .402), when compared to students from Colombia. Discussion and conclusion Significant anxiety and depression were observed in medical students from Mexico and Colombia. Factors associated with an increased risk of depression and anxiety are students in their basic years as well as being female.

https://doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2023.010

Increase in C-reactive protein as early predictor of anastomotic leakage in abdominal surgery
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Borraez-Segura, Bernardo

; Orozco-Hernández, Juan P.

; Anduquia-Garay, Felipe

; Hurtado-Hurtado, Natalia

; Soto-Vásquez, Jessica

; Lozada-Martinez, Ivan D.

Cirugía y cirujanos

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Dez 2022, Volume 90 Nº 6 Páginas 759 - 764

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the C-reactive protein (CRP) and white cell count (WC) in the prediction of anastomotic leakage (AL) in major abdominal surgery. Methods: Multicenter, prospective, and observational study of adult patients who underwent major abdominal surgery. CRP and hemogram were measured after post-operative day (POD) 3 and POD 5. Complications were classified according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results: A total of 97 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 63 ± 12 years and 47 (48%) were male. Colorectal (56%) and gastric cancer (36%) were the most frequent diagnoses. About 23% had post-operative complications, of which 5% had AL. The most significant predictive factor was the increase in CRP ≥ 2.84 mg/L among POD 3 and 5 (AUC, 0.99, sensitivity, 95.6%, specificity, 100%, positive likelihood ratio, 23.0). The accuracy of the other biomarkers was lower, CRP on POD 3 (AUC, 0.55), on POD 5 (AUC, 0.93), WC on POD 3 (AUC, 0.33), and POD 5 (AUC, 0.35). Conclusion: The increase of CRP among POD 3 and 5 was an early predictor of AL in adult patients with major abdominal surgery.

Resumen Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el papel de la proteína C-reactiva (PCR) y el recuento de glóbulos blancos (RGB) en la predicción de la Fuga Anastomotica (FA) en la cirugía abdominal mayor. Método: Estudio multicéntrico, prospectivo y observacional de pacientes adultos sometidos a cirugía abdominal mayor. Se midieron la PCR y el hemograma después del día postoperatorio (DPO) 3 y DPO 5. Las complicaciones se categorizaron según la clasificación de Clavien-Dindo y la precisión diagnóstica se evaluó mediante el área bajo la curva (AUC). Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 97 pacientes. La edad media era de 63 ± 12 años y 47 (48%) eran hombres. El factor predictivo más significativo fue el aumento de la PCR ≥ 2,84 mg/L entre los DPO 3 y 5 (AUC, 0,99, sensibilidad, 95,6%, especificidad, 100%, ratio de probabilidad positiva, 23,0). La precisión de los demás biomarcadores fue menor, la PCR en el DPO 3 (AUC, 0,55), en el DPO5 (AUC, 0,93), el RGB en el DPO 3 (AUC, 0,33) y en el DPO 5 (AUC, 0,35). Conclusiones: El aumento de la PCR entre los DPO 3 y 5 fue un predictor temprano de FA en pacientes adultos con cirugía abdominal mayor.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ciru.21000597

Salud mental en personal en formación durante la pandemia covid-19 en un hospital de querétaro
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Terrazas-Rodríguez, Luz D.

; Mondragón-Orozco, Jonathan

; Sandoval-Lozano, Daniel

Revista mexicana de medicina familiar

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Jun 2022, Volume 9 Nº 2 Páginas 43 - 48

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN: Antecedentes: La pandemia por enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) podría aumentar los trastornos mentales del personal de salud en formación. Objetivo: Identificar el nivel de riesgo para la salud mental en personal de salud en formación durante la pandemia COVID-19 en Querétaro. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo en un hospital de segundo nivel. El tamaño de muestra fue 220; el muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia. Los participantes firmaron carta de consentimiento informado. Se aplicó un instrumento para tamizaje de salud mental en COVID-19 durante junio del 2020. El análisis estadístico se realizó con medidas de tendencia central, frecuencias, porcentajes e intervalos de confianza al 95%. Resultados: La edad promedio fue 25.67 ± 3.61; 52.7% fueron mujeres, 65.9% correspondió a médicos internos de pregrado. De acuerdo con el estado civil, 90.9% estaba soltero y 53.2% pertenecía a familia nuclear. 25.9% fue originario de Querétaro. La frecuencia global de nivel de riesgo se reportó para violencia en 43.2%, suicidio 15%, consumo de sustancias 35.9%, estrés agudo 48.2%, ansiedad generalizada 45%, distanciamiento y enojo 44.1%, evitación y tristeza 35.5%, y ansiedad de salud 40.5%. Conclusiones: Se presentó prevalencia importante para condicionantes de alta letalidad: violencia, suicidio y consumo de sustancias.

ABSTRACT: Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may increase mental disorders in training health practitioners. Objective: To identify the level of mental health risk in training health practitioners during the COVID-19 pandemic in Querétaro. Material and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study in a second level hospital. The sample size was 220, the sampling was non-probabilistic for convenience. The participants signed an informed consent letter. An instrument for mental health screening in COVID-19 was applied during June 2020. The statistical analysis was performed with measures of central tendency, frequencies, percentages and 95% confidence intervals. Results: The average age was 25.67 ± 3.61, 52.7% were women, 65.9% were undergraduate medical interns. According to marital status, 90.9% are single and 53.2% live with a nuclear family. 25.9% were originally from Querétaro. The global frequency of risk level was reported for violence in 43.2%, suicide 15%, substance use 35.9%, acute stress 48.2%, generalized anxiety 45%, estrangement and anger 44.1%, avoidance and sadness 35.5% and health anxiety 40.5%. Conclusions: An important prevalence was presented for conditions of high lethality: violence, suicide and substance use.

https://doi.org/10.24875/rmf.21000041

Validación externa y reproducibilidad del cuestionario PUMA para el diagnóstico de EPOC en una población latinoamericana: Validación externa del cuestionario PUMA
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Bastidas G., Alirio R.

; Estupiñán B., María F.

; Arias B., José S.

; Estrada H., Marcela

; López O., Juliana

; Mateus M., Saskia L.

; Orozco M., Sebastián

; Pachón O., Juliana Andrea

; Amado O., Daniel R.

; Garzón M., Laura D.

; Ospina G., Sebastián

Revista chilena de enfermedades respiratorias

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Mar 2022, Volume 38 Nº 1 Páginas 11 - 19

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

The use of clinical prediction scales may increase the early detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The performance characteristics of these scales in the Latin American population is poorly studied. We aimed to evaluate validity and reproducibility of PUMA questionnaire as a screening tool in primary care in a Colombian population. A cross-sectional study was performed. Operational characteristics of the questionnaire, the area under the received operator curve (AUROC), and the best cut-off point of the score were calculated. 1,980 individuals were included in this analysis. Prevalence of COPD was 18.9%. AUROC of the questionary was 0.69 (CI95%: 0.66-0.72), with an optimal cut-off point greater than 5 (sensitivity 60%, specificity 66%); predictive negative value was 88%. PUMA's scale for the screening of patients at risk of COPD has a moderate accuracy and an excellent reproducibility in the studied population.

Resumen El uso de escalas de predicción clínica puede incrementar la detección temprana de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC). Su rendimiento en población latinoamericana ha sido pobremente estudiado. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la validez y reproducibilidad del cuestionario PUMA, como herramienta de tamización en atención primaria en población colombiana, mediante un estudio tipo corte transversal; donde se establecieron las características operativas del cuestionario, área bajo la curva de características operativas del receptor (ACOR) y el mejor punto de corte para esta población. 1.980 sujetos fueron incluidos en el análisis. La prevalencia de EPOC correspondió a 18,9%. La capacidad discriminatoria del cuestionario fue de 0,69 (IC95%: 0,66-0,72), para un punto de corte óptimo mayor de 5, con una sensibilidad del 60%, especificidad 66% y un valor predictivo negativo de 88%. La escala PUMA para tamizaje de pacientes en riesgo de EPOC tiene una capacidad discriminatoria moderada y una excelente reproducibilidad en la población estudiada.

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Bespoke particle shapes in granular matter
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Cantor, D.

; C´ardenas-Barrantes, M.

; Orozco, L.

Papers in physics

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Jan 2022, Volume 14 Páginas 63 - 70

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Among granular matter, one type of particle has special properties. Upon being assembled in disordered configurations, these particles interlock, hook, almost braid, and - surprisingly, considering their relatively low packing fractions - show exceptional shear strength. Such is the case of non-convex particles. They have been used in the shapes of tetrapods, ‘L’, ‘Z’, stars, and many others, to protect coasts or build self-standing structures requiring no binders or external supports. Although these structures are often designed without a comprehensive mechanical characterization, they have already demonstrated great potential as highly resistant construction materials. Nevertheless, it is natural to attempt to find the most appropriate non-convex shapes for any given application. Can a particle shape be tuned to obtain a desired mechanical behavior? Although this question cannot be answered yet, current technological, simulation, and experimental developments strongly suggest that it can be resolved in the next decade. A clear understanding of the relationships between particle shapes, mechanical response, and packing properties will be key to providing insights into the behavior of these materials. Such work should stand on 1) robust and general shape descriptors that encode the complexity of non-convex shapes (i.e., the number of arms, the symmetries and asymmetries of the bodies, the presence of holes, etc.), 2) the analysis of the response of assemblies under different loading conditions, and 3) the disposition and reliability of non-convex shapes to ensure durability. The manufacturing process and an efficient use of resources are additional elements that could further help to optimize particle shape. In the quest of designing bespoke non-convex particles, this paper consolidates the challenges that remain unresolved. It also outlines some routes to explore based on the latest developments in technology and research.

https://doi.org/10.4279/pip.140007

The effects of Pyrantel-Oxantel on the Dipylidium caninum tapeworm: An in vitro study
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Millán-Orozco, Jair

; Millán-Orozco, Jersson

; Betancourt-Alonso, Miguel Ángel

; Barrera-Molina, América Ivette

; Valledor, María Soledad

; Méndez, Virginia

; Larrea, Alejandra

; Lima, Martín Sebastián

; Morán-Martínez, Javier

; Betancourt-Martínez, Nadia Denys

; Aguilar-Marcelino, Liliana

Revista mexicana de ciencias pecuarias

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Set 2021, Volume 12 Nº 3 Páginas 969 - 986

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate, in vitro, the cestocidal effect of Pyrantel-Oxantel on the Dipylidium caninum tapeworm. Each intestine sample was obtained by means of a transversal incision of the abdominal area of each euthanized canine subject, individually dissected via longitudinal incision, and examined for the presence of D. caninum. An optical microscope was used to identify and verify proglottid morphology and viability based on its macroscopic appearance. The cestocidal effects of Pyrantel-Oxantel (75 mg pyrantel pamoate; 75 mg oxantel pamoate) were assessed in adult tapeworms (treated group, n= 21; control group, n= 21) placed on Petri dishes and incubated at 37 °C. One-hour post-incubation, the D. caninum cestodes treated with Pyrantel-Oxantel presented a 28 % decrease (P=0.001) in motility, which rose to a 52 % (P=0.0001) decrease by the end of the second hour. The control group (P=0.0001) presented 55.7 % motility for at least the first six hours of incubation and 4.2 % (P=0.001) motility by the end of the study, while 0 % motility was observed in the treated group by the end of the study. Pyrantel-Oxantel had a lethal effect (P=0.0001) on adult D. caninum, with 100 % mortality observed 6 h after in vitro post-incubation, while the control group presented 55.7 % viability after the same time period. In addition, Pyrantel-Oxantel reduced (P=0.001) tegument thickness by 42.5 % (10.24 ± 0.21 µm), while this was 17.81 ± 0.33 µm for the control group. The results of this study indicate that Pyrantel-Oxantel has a therapeutic effect on the presence of D. caninum, inducing both a reduction of the tegument thickness and increased mortality.

Resumen El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar, in vitro, el efecto cestocida de Pirantel-Oxantel en la tenia Dipylidium caninum. Cada muestra de intestino se obtuvo mediante una incisión transversal de la zona abdominal de cada sujeto canino sacrificado, se diseccionó individualmente a través de una incisión longitudinal y se examinó para detectar la presencia de D. caninum. Se utilizó un microscopio óptico para identificar y verificar la morfología y viabilidad de la proglótide en función de su aspecto macroscópico. Los efectos cestocidas de Pirantel-Oxantel (75 mg de pamoato de pirantel; 75 mg de pamoato de oxantel) se evaluaron en tenias adultas (grupo tratado, n= 21; grupo testigo, n= 21) colocadas en placas de Petri e incubadas a 37 °C. Una hora postincubación, los cestodos D. caninum tratados con Pirantel-Oxantel presentaron una disminución del 28 % (P= 0.001) en la motilidad, la cual aumentó a una disminución del 52 % (P=0.0001) al final de la segunda hora. El grupo testigo (P= 0.0001) presentó un 55.7 % de motilidad durante al menos las primeras 6 h de incubación y 4.2 % (P= 0.001) de motilidad al final del estudio, mientras que en el grupo tratado se observó un 0 % de motilidad al final del estudio. El Pirantel-Oxantel tuvo un efecto letal (P= 0.0001) en el adulto de D. caninum, con una mortalidad del 100 % observada 6 h después de la postincubación in vitro, mientras que el grupo de control presentó un 55.7 % de viabilidad después del mismo periodo. Además, el Pirantel-Oxantel redujo (P= 0.001) el grosor del tegumento en 42.5 % (10.24 ± 0.21 μm), mientras que éste fue de 17.81 ± 0.33 μm para el grupo testigo. Los resultados de este estudio indican que el Pirantel-Oxantel tiene un efecto terapéutico en la presencia de D. caninum, induciendo tanto una disminución del grosor del tegumento como un aumento de la mortalidad.

https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v12i3.5014 83 downloads

Síndrome de Evans y artritis reumatoidea como manifestaciones autoinmunes de la leucemia de células T grandes granulares
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Muñoz, Agustín M.

; Orozco Niño, José A.

; Seehaus, Cristian M.

; Giménez Conca, Alberto D.

; Chuliber, Fernando A.

; Lo Giudice, Luciano F.

; Bendek, Georgina E.

Medicina (Buenos Aires)

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Ago 2021, Volume 81 Nº 6 Páginas 1060 - 1064

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Large granular T-cell leukemia is a rare cytotoxic lymphocyte disorder. These cells play an integral role in the immune system and are divided into 2 lineages: CD3 T positive and natural killer. Its proliferation and uncontrolled cytotoxicity can generate autoimmunity or malignancy. Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common autoimmune disease in individuals with this type of leukemia, however, it has been associated with a wide spectrum of other autoimmune diseases and hematological conditions including hemolytic anemia, pure red blood cell aplasia, and neutropenia, leading to recurring bacterial infections. The following is a case of a 72-year-old female with a history of large granular T-cell leukemia and manifestations compatible with rheuma toid arthritis, which occurs with a severe Evans syndrome with a good initial and sustained response to gamma globulin, corticosteroid therapy, and rituximab.

Resumen La leucemia de células T grandes granulares es un trastorno poco frecuente de linfocitos citotóxicos. Estas células juegan un rol integral en el sistema inmunológico y se dividen en 2 linajes: T CD3 positivas y natural killer. Su proliferación y citotoxicidad descontrolada puede generar autoinmunidad o malignidad. La artritis reumatoide es la enfermedad autoinmune más común en individuos con este tipo de leucemia, sin embargo, se ha asociado a un amplio espectro de otras enfermedades autoinmunes y afecciones hematológicas incluyendo anemia hemolítica, aplasia pura de glóbulos rojos y neutropenia, que conducen a infecciones bacterianas recurrentes. Se presenta a continuación una paciente de 72 años con antecedentes de leucemia de células T grandes granulares y manifestaciones compatibles con artritis reumatoidea, que intercurre con un Síndrome de Evans grave con buena respuesta inicial y sostenida a gammaglobulina, corticoterapia, y rituximab.

80 downloads

10.

Hallazgos radiográficos asociados a la COVID-19: una mirada desde la atención primaria
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Orozco-Muñoz, Javier S.

; Tascón-Hernández, Jorge D.

; Serrato-Yunda, Daniela

; Sánchez-Duque, Jorge A.

MEDISAN

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Jun 2021, Volume 25 Nº 3 Páginas 771 - 779

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT The pandemic of COVID-19 has affected multiple economic and social sectors worldwide, with special effects on the health sector, since it constitutes an additional challenge for the primary health care, given the marked lack of resources. The infection due to SARS-CoV-2 causes increasing morbidity and mortality, reason why the diagnosis by means of images is an indispensable tool in the clinical practice; however, the limited access to some means as the computerized axial tomography in different levels of care, justifies the use of the thorax x-ray as a cost-effective and accessible option in many regions. Findings associated with suggestive viral infectious processes of infection due to the new coronavirus and a series of classification scales that seek to standardize reading and radiographic interpretation by the medical staff are exposed in this work.

RESUMEN La actual pandemia de COVID-19 ha afectado múltiples sectores económicos y sociales a escala mundial, con especial afectación sobre el sector de la salud, ya que constituye un reto adicional para la atención primaria, dada la marcada escasez de recursos. La infección por SARS-CoV-2 ocasiona morbilidad y mortalidad crecientes, por lo que el diagnóstico mediante imágenes es una herramienta imprescindible en la práctica clínica; sin embargo, el acceso limitado a algunos medios como la tomografía axial computarizada en diferentes niveles de atención, justifica el uso de la radiografía de tórax como una opción costo-efectiva y accesible en muchas regiones. En el presente artículo se exponen los hallazgos asociados a procesos infecciosos virales sugestivos de infección por el nuevo coronavirus y una serie de escalas de clasificación que buscan estandarizar la lectura e interpretación radiográfica por parte del personal médico.

11.

Protector effect of beta-glucans from shrimp pond-related yeasts in Penaeus vannamei rearing under white spot syndrome virus presence
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Ochoa-Álvarez, Norma A.

; Casillas-Hernández, Ramón

; Magallón-Barajas, Francisco J.

; Ramirez-Orozco, Jesús M.

; Carbajal-Millan, Elizabeth

Latin american journal of aquatic research

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Mar 2021, Volume 49 Nº 1 Páginas 18 - 28

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This research study tested the protective effect of prolonged exposure of shrimp food supplemented with glucans from shrimp-pond related yeasts on shrimp Penaeus vannamei reared under the presence of the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The glucans extracted and purified from isolated marine yeasts identified as Debaryomyces hansenii, Candida tropicalis, Candida humilis, Candida glabrata, Pichia kudriavzevyi, Wickerhamomyces anomalus and the terrestrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast were characterized by the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The treatments were prepared with food enriched with the yeast beta-glucans and the control groups without beta-glucans. Shrimp were fed thrice a day and challenged orally with WSSV on days 31, 54, 66 and muscularly at day 70. The animals were assessed for the protective effect in terms of post-infection total hemocyte counts, and survival rate. The results indicated that marine yeasts possessed ß-1,3/1,6-glucans, and that D. hansenii was an excellent source yielding 30% of its dry biomass of pure glucans. For the positive control group where no glucans were added, WSSV challenges showed 100% survival when the virus was provided orally, and 40% when the virus was injected. These results also indicated that the shrimp line selected for this study was a resistant line for WSSV. Shrimp groups fed with glucans of the marine yeasts D. hansenii and C. humillis showed a significant protection, allowing shrimp survival of 66% while terrestrial yeast showed 57.14%. These results indicated that marine yeasts growing in the shrimp pond were an excellent source of beta-glucans that allowed extra protection against the mortality caused by this pathogenic virus.

https://doi.org/10.3856/vol49-issue1-fulltext-2514 114 downloads

12.

Mathematical modeling and forecasting of COVID-19: experience in Santiago de Cuba province
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Ramirez-Torres, E. E.

; Selva Castañeda, A. R.

; Rodríguez-Aldana, Y.

; Sánchez Domínguez, S.

; Valdés García, L. E.

; Palú-Orozco, A.

; Oliveros-Domínguez, E. R.

; Zamora-Matamoros, L.

; Labrada-Claro, R.

; Cobas-Batista, M.

; Sedal-Yanes, D.

; Soler-Nariño, O.

; Valdés-Sosa, P. A.

; Montijano, J. I.

; Bergues Cabrales, L. E.

Revista mexicana de física

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Fev 2021, Volume 67 Nº 1 Páginas 123 - 136

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract In the province of Santiago de Cuba, Cuba, the COVID-19 epidemic has a limited progression that shows an early small-number peak of infections. Most published mathematical models fit data with high numbers of confirmed cases. In contrast, small numbers of cases make it difficult to predict the course of the epidemic. We present two known models adapted to capture the noisy dynamics of COVID-19 in the Santiago de Cuba province. Parameters of both models were estimated using the approximate-Bayesian-computation framework with dedicated error laws. One parameter of each model was updated on key dates of travel restrictions. Both models approximately predicted the infection peak and the end of the COVID-19 epidemic in Santiago de Cuba. The first model predicted 57 reported cases and 16 unreported cases. Additionally, it estimated six initially exposed persons. The second model forecasted 51 confirmed cases at the end of the epidemic. In conclusion, an opportune epidemiological investigation, along with the low number of initially exposed individuals, might partly explain the favorable evolution of the COVID-19 epidemic in Santiago de Cuba. With the available data, the simplest model predicted the epidemic evolution with greater precision, and the more complex model helped to explain the epidemic phenomenology.

https://doi.org/10.31349/revmexfis.67.123 10 downloads

13.

A study of the secular variation of the high-amplitude Delta Scuti star AD CMi
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Peña, J. H.

; Piña, D. S.

; Huepa, H.

; Juárez, S. B.

; Villarreal, C.

; Guillén, J.

; Soni, A. A.

; Rentería, A.

; Donaire, J. M.

; Muñoz, R. R.

; Benadalid, T.

; Paredes, J. D.

; Orozco, E. D.

; Soberanes, I.

; Posadas, H.

; Castro, C.

; Briones, J.

; Romero, M.

; Martinez, F.

; Zuñiga, A. L.

; Carrillo, J. L.

; Chávez, B.

; Navez, D.

; García, C.

Revista mexicana de astronomía y astrofísica

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2021, Volume 57 Nº 2 Páginas 321 - 334

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT We determine the nature of the Delta Scuti star AD CMi and its physical parameters from newly determined times of maximum light and other times from the literature, as well as from uvby − β photoelectric photometry.

RESUMEN A partir de los recién determinados tiempos de máximo en fotometría de la estrella Delta Scuti AD CMi y una recopilación de tiempos de máximo de la literatura, así como datos con fotométria uvby−β hemos determinado la naturaleza de esta estrella y sus parámetros físicos.

https://doi.org/10.22201/ia.01851101p.2021.57.02.06 126 downloads

14.

Use of nano-SiO2 as a preventive maintenance surface treatment in concrete aged by carbonation
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Vaca-Arciga, L.

; Cruz-Moreno, D.

; Fajardo-San Miguel, G.

; Orozco-Cruz, R.

; Tienda, F.

Revista ALCONPAT

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Dez 2020, Volume 10 Nº 3 Páginas 274 - 285

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a utilização de nanopartículas à base de silício (NS) e funcionalizadas (NF) como tratamento preventivo de superfície (ST) emergente em corpos de prova de concreto armado. As amostras foram fabricadas com uma relação água/cimento (a/c) de 0,65 e submetidas a um período de envelhecimento prévio por exposição ao CO2. Posteriormente, duas variantes diferentes do tratamento foram aplicadas por pulverização (utilizando uma dispersão de 0,1% de nanopartículas em água) e, em seguida, submetidas à carbonatação novamente. Os resultados de profundidade de carbonatação e ângulo de contato indicam que existe uma influência entre o grau de envelhecimento e a eficiência de cada tratamento.

Abstract This study aims to evaluate the use of silicon base (NS) and functionalized (NF) nanoparticles as emerging preventive surface treatment (ST) in reinforced concrete specimens. The specimens were fabricated with a water/cement (w/c) of 0.65 and subjected to a previous aging period through exposure to CO2. Subsequently, two different variants of the treatment were applied by spraying (using a 0.1% dispersion of nanoparticles in water) and then re-applied to carbonation. The carbonation depth and contact angle results indicate that there is an influence between the degree of aging and the efficiency of each treatment.

Resumen Este estudio, tiene como objetivo evaluar el uso de nanopartículas base silicio (NS) y funcionalizadas (NF) como tratamiento superficial (ST) preventivo emergente en especímenes de concreto reforzado. Los especímenes fueron fabricados con una relación agua/cemento (a/c) de 0.65 y sometidos a un periodo de envejecimiento previo mediante la exposición a CO2. Posteriormente, dos diferentes variantes del tratamiento fueron aplicadas mediante aspersión (usando una dispersión de 0.1% de nanopartículas en agua) y después fueron sometidas nuevamente a carbonatación. Los resultados de profundidad de carbonatación y ángulo de contacto indican que existe una influencia entre el grado de envejecimiento y la eficiencia de cada tratamiento.

https://doi.org/10.21041/ra.v10i3.487 74 downloads

15.

Utilidad del monitoreo ambulatorio de la presión arterial de 24 horas en una población con alto riesgo cardiovascular
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Navarro-Ulloa, Orlando D.

; Picón-Jaimes, Yelson A.

; Conde-Cardona, Giancarlos

; Fernández-Yépez, Luis J.

; Zabala-Carballo, Carmen I.

; López-García, Jonathan

; Gómez-Hernández, Angélica M.

; Orozco-Chinome, Javier E.

; Moscote-Salazar, Luis R.

Cirugía y cirujanos

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Out 2020, Volume 88 Nº 5 Páginas 617 - 623

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: High blood pressure is considered a disease and at the same time a cardiovascular risk factor, mainly involved in ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and kidney failure, causing high mortality worldwide. Objective: The objective was to follow up with 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in patients with high blood pressure belonging to a population with high cardiovascular risk. Method: Descriptive, observational, retrospective study, which analyzes 24-hour outpatient pressure controls of 1858 patients, in Cartagena, Colombia. Results: 1173 exams were validated and included in the study. The median age was 66 years. 66.8% (783) were women and 33.2% (390) were men. The main changes occurred during the night, when 79.1% of the patients had high systolic pressure loads, 65.6% recorded diastolic pressure averages and 83.7% had abnormal circadian patterns. Only 11% of the studies were normal in all parameters. Conclusions: 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring proved to be a useful tool to identify uncontrolled hypertensive patients, detect nocturnal hypertension and abnormal circadian patterns, which are risk markers for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Resumen Antecedentes: La hipertensión arterial es considerada una enfermedad y al mismo tiempo un factor de riesgo cardiovascular, involucrada principalmente en la cardiopatía isquémica, la enfermedad cerebrovascular y la insuficiencia renal, causando una elevada mortalidad. Objetivo: Realizar seguimiento con monitoreo ambulatorio de la presión arterial de 24 horas en pacientes con hipertensión arterial pertenecientes a una población con alto riesgo cardiovascular. Método: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, retrospectivo, en el que se analizaron los monitoreos ambulatorios de presión de 24 horas de 1858 pacientes, en Cartagena, Colombia. Resultados: Se incluyeron 1173 registros. La mediana de edad fue de 66 años. El 66.8% (783) fueron mujeres y el 33.2% (390) fueron hombres. Las principales alteraciones ocurrieron durante la noche, cuando el 79.1% de los pacientes tuvieron cargas elevadas de presión sistólica, el 65.6% registraron promedios elevados de presión diastólica y el 83.7% tuvieron patrones circadianos anormales. Solo el 11% de los estudios fueron normales en todos los parámetros. Conclusiones: El monitoreo ambulatorio de la presión arterial de 24 horas demostró ser una herramienta útil para identificar a los pacientes hipertensos no controlados, detectando hipertensión nocturna y patrones circadianos anormales, los cuales son marcadores de riesgo para morbilidad y mortalidad cardiovascular.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ciru.20001576 64 downloads

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